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Banana Fiber Paper Manufacturing and Utilization

The yearly banana stem waste will be increased as a result of banana growth plantation. There is a need to convert this waste into wealth by extracting the fibers from the banana stem.

The banana stem fiber extraction process is done by manual as well as mechanical. The manual process produces very low quantity whereas the mechanical process is a fast process.

A simple fiber extraction machine is available in the market which costs INR 60000 to 180000, but if you are some mechanical engineering knowledge then you will make it at a workshop at a very low cost that is less than INR 40000.

The unskilled worker can also operate this fiber extraction machine. The banana stem contains 90 to 95 % of water which is after removal known as sap water. This sap water is full of nutrition and used as liquid fertilizer.

The natural fibers are the chemical composition of cellulose and lignin. Lignin binds the fibers to cellulose Alkaline treatment which is followed by the pulp and paper industries used for the release of fibers.

In this process, lignin can be dissolved in NaOH solution and the cellulosic fibers can be extracted.

Banana Fiber paper industry has become more popular because of its eco-friendly nature and has a significant impact on the growing forest and preserving the greenery. Water and air pollution are also negligible.

The export of handmade paper is increased in multiples with the growing awareness in developed and developing countries. In recent years a handful number of handmade paper manufacturers become cent percent export-oriented units.

These units are exporting handmade paper & its products to several countries. The demand for handmade paper is increasing day by day in domestic as well as in the international market.

Various varieties of Banana are cultivated in India. The plants are cut down as soon as fruits are harvested for the extraction of fiber. Banana fiber has great potentialities for papermaking because of its high alpha-cellulose and low lignin content.

1. It is a market not yet exploited to its full potential

2. The market is demanding green products

3. There is an ever-growing need for environmental awareness

4. There is more demand in developed countries.

5. Less competition from similar products

Banana Fiber Paper

India is the world’s largest banana producer with an annual production of 24.8 million tones. It accounts for 13% of the total area under production and 33% of the production of fruits. Production is highest in Maharashtra (3924.1 a thousand tonnes) followed by Tamil Nadu (3543.8 thousand tonnes). Within India, Maharashtra has the highest productivity of 65.70 metric tonnes /ha. against a national average of 30.5 tonnes/ha.

Banana steam fibers cut into pieces of 1–2 inches.

The pieces cooked with soda ash around 2 hours.

Washed the cooked banana steam with water.

Convert into a pulp with help mixer or mechanized beater.

The pulp is mix with some water in a small tank or bucket.

Make a mold of wooden frame ( you will also use a wooden photo frame) covered with nylon cloth. for more production, you will use an industrial automated process.

A sheet of pulp is formed over a mold by pouring it into a small tank or bucket containing pulp.

Keep it in the sun for dry.

A pile of the dry sheets.

The dried sheets are rolled between two rollers for smoothness and then cut into a required.

· Banana fibers have great potentialities for papermaking because of its high alpha-cellulose and lignin content.

· These fibers have excellent tensile strength, they are strong fibers.

· They have low elongation and lightweight

· They possess strong moisture absorption quality. It absorbs as well as release moisture very fast.

· They are biodegradable and have no negative effect on the environment hence categorized eco-friendly fiber.

· Banana fibers also possess fire resistance property.

· Banana fiber has great potentialities for paper making special demand for handmade paper.

· Banana fibers are used for rope, mats, and other composite materials.

· These strong fibers are used for banana fiber fabric.

· Banana fiber has recognized for apparels made by joining filaments together by weavers knot. However, spun banana yarns are still at the research phase.

· Polypropylene reinforced with banana, fiber is used by automobile companies for making underfloor protection panels in luxurious cars like Mercedes.

· The composite material of the banana fiber used in building boards and fire resistance boards.

· Banana fiber is suitable for use as a growing medium in hydroponics. Also, cooling pads, roofing sheets, and bricks are made with Banana fiber.

· The banana fiber extraction by-products such as sap water and pith are also used in farming. Sap water is used as fertilizer while pith is used for vermicompost which helps to increase the beneficial microorganisms in the soil.

· Pots and pellets are also made with pith and used as growth base material for plants.

· Most of the recycled Paper is using tree-fibers or recycled fibers. Trees are still cut to make the most recycled paper. Banana fiber paper is the only way to stop tree cutting and most appropriately utilizing sustainable resources.

· Banana Fiber Paper is used for disposable dishes, paper cups, disposable glass and even it is best to carry bags making.

· Also used for gents and ladies’ banana wallets.

· Banana fiber is used for making handicrafts and home decorative.

· In various regions, it is also used for artistic purposes also.

· The banana fiber is used for currency notes in Germany and trial run in India also.

· During the research, it was found that paper made out of banana fiber has a shelf life of over 100 years as it is the strongest of the long fibers ever found amidst natural fibers.

· It can be folded for as many as 3,000 times. It can use currency and value-able documents.

· Designers used banana paper for printing business cards and greeting cards, beautiful visiting cards, wedding cards.

· The banana paper also used for making gift boxes, notebook covers, drawing paper.

· banana fiber as art paper alternative

· Also used for the filter paper, pen stands, photo frame, lampshades, and many more.

I made a paper from the banana stem at my home, with very less equipment. the paper made by me is of good quality and will be of better quality if made by the industrial process.

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